What would best constitute an education for men Research Paper

What would best constitute an education for men - Research Paper Example The present education format is focused on providing knowledge to people in order to make them capable of understanding their carrier objectives and be prepared for the next level of education. Many researchers and theorists believe that the current education pattern for men should include some additional subjects, which would help them learn the art of living. The most essential part of education in the modern world is practical life experiences. It has been observed that students from the beginning of their age are fond of stories narrated by their teachers, which are related to society. Men have greater interest towards subjects that are based on practical experiences. Education based on mining is very important for men’s perspective. Mining of natural resources is very important and men are mostly preferred for this purpose. Hence education related to mining is essential for men. Moreover, subjects related to defence, electronics and computers are also equally important for men. Practical experiences and implication of the experiences in the study of students is required in-order to overcome the challenges associated with modern educational system. This research paper focuses on the best compose for the education of men. Education is not only based on academic learning, it is also a cluster of actual life experiences. For an example, subjective matters of physics are not only based on theoretical implications, it is also based on real-time experiments. Experiments are conducted in-order to obtain a real-time observation of the theory discussed during classroom education. It is very essential to understand that learning is the key of life and academic education only can-not provide the required amount of knowledge. Implementation of real-life experiences during education is required to make students understand the use of the subjective matters in practical world. According to essay ‘Learning in the Key of Life’, Spayde tells that academic

Chronicle of a Death Foretold and Fly Away Peter Comparative Essay Essay Example for Free

Chronicle of a Death Foretold and Fly Away Peter Comparative Essay Essay Menace and threat are two elements in fiction that often help to create tension and build towards a climax. These components are evident in David Maloufs Fly Away Peter and Gabriel Garcia Marquezs Chronicle of a Death Foretold under two overarching themes: sense of duty and violence. Through the perspectives and experiences of different characters in the stories, both Malouf and Marquez develop the concept of peril that is sustained throughout their stories of war and murder. In Fly Away Peter, Malouf introduces the notion of threat in the context of war a place where people, including peace lovers like Jim, are forcibly drawn into. Jim is invited by Bert to ride on the bi-plane and Malouf reveals his blood fear, a bone fear, of leaving the earth and is thus portrayed as being resistant to change. When the war arrives, he feels panicky on this new and dangerous slope that had once been ground [that] stretched away to a clear future Brisbane is sliding towards Europe and the war as it is a duty befallen on patriotic men to prove their worth in defending the honour of their country. Many people seem to be supporting this view; Jim meets a girl who says passionately she would want to be in it because it is an opportunity, and similarly his father feels it is a chance to reach out and touch a unique thing. Malouf thus draws our attention to Jims change as he slide[s] with the rest down into the pit of war with superstitious dread and juxtaposes this to his initial uneas[e] about the new presence of bi-planes and man-made technology. This creates a sense of foreboding and threat, further emphasized by warnings such as catastrophe and madness, as Jim plunges into a brutal world of war from his sacred haven in the sanctuary (the light, and then the dark) to fight for his country. On the other hand, Marquez expresses the idea of threat in Chronicle of a Death Foretold through the rigidness of the townspeople in their ideas regarding tradition and family honour. To uphold the honour of their sister, the Vicario twins perceive as their duty to kill Santiago who supposedly took her virginity. However, this crime is largely condoned by their Catholic society and even Father Amador the priest pronounces their innocence before God. Marquez presents a town where first-degree murder is justified in the name of the cult of virginity and it is the responsibility of the men in the town to defend this tradition. Prudencia Cotes would never have married [Pablo] if he hadnt done what a man should do. Her mother tells Pedro and Pablo them honour doesnt wait and Clotilde Armenta voices her sympathy in saying it is a horrible duty thats fallen on them as they are duty-bound to avenge Angela. The twins are forced to conform to societys expectations of masculine assertiveness even if they couldnt sleep for the rest of [their lives] on their conscience. In killing Santiago, the twins have proved their status as men [and] the seduced sister was in possession of her honour once more in defending the validity of their culture. The town can be viewed, to an extent, as dysfunctional and a tense atmosphere is present throughout the book as readers know the threat of this cult will result in an innocent mans death. The theme of violence is exemplified in many characters and through the eyes of Jim, we see the menace posed in Mans capacity to cause suffering and death in Fly Away Peter. Even before the war, violence is hinted as being part of daily life when Jim witnesses the killing of a lone man with his hands over his face with blood between them as another figure, hurling itself from the shadows, brought him down. Although Jim has always been consciously rejecting any notions of violence, he discovers black anger in himself and a potential for violence when he faces Wizzers bullying later. He is shaken to realize that he has come closer to his fathers [similar] nature of violence unwittingly to the extent that he does not wish to be confronted with some depth in himself that frightened him and he doesnt understand. Killing in war is also epitomized by the brutality of Clancys death where Jim experiences for the first time Mans ruthlessness on a personal level. Clancys senseless death comes as a shock to him and Jim is greatly affected by this; the hosing off never left him clean and often woke from nightmares drenched in a wetness that dried and stuck. Malouf forcefully juxtaposes the previous setting of Jim buttering slabs of bread with the diversely opposite scene of Clancys accident, effectively demonstrating the harsh reality of war. Clancys passing further shows another step in Jims loss of innocence as he feels touched by the horrors of war and menace is manifested in Fly Away Peter through the ordinariness with which violence presents itself. Violence is a dominant theme in Chronicle of a Death Foretold as it is in Fly Away Peter as it leads to the ultimate menace of Santiagos death. It is a minor yet significant part of everyday life for most of the town; Victoria Guzman [disembowels] rabbits pull[s] out the insides by the roots and throw[s] the steaming guts to the dogs and Leandro Pornoy dies gored in the jugular vein by a bull all of which are accepted by the town matter-of-factly. The murder of Santiago is brutal as his liver was almost sliced in pieces, his pancreas [was] destroyed and there were perforations in the transverse colon and small intestine among other injuries. His death has been brought on by any one of the seven major wounds and this reflects an unnecessary level of violence on the part of the Vicario twins. Even after his death, Santiagos autopsy is mishandled as a syrup-coloured liquid began to flow from the wounds, drawing flies, and a purple blotch appeared on his upper lip and spread out very slowly up to his hairline and Father Amador remarks it was as if we killed him all over again after he was dead. Through the use of violence in the lives of common people and graphic imagery illustrating the aftermath of a murder, Santiagos killing mirrors the menace in which the town is under in their acceptance of the idea of violence. The themes of male duty and violence in both Fly Away Peter and Chronicle of a Death Foretold develop the concepts of threat and menace. Malouf uses Jims dilemma in enlisting for the war to highlight the threat of the blind trend in which men fight to prove their masculinity even though it results in countless lives lost and Jims experiences in the war that draw on the idea of menace in the form of violence. Conversely, Marquez develops the notion of threat through the tradition of the town surrounding Angela Vicarios enigmatic predicament which precipitates the menace of Santiagos murder wherein violence plays an important role. A tense and portentous atmosphere is thus crafted in both books as the authors expand on these themes, building up to a final climax.

How Ego Threat Can Effect Self-Regulation Essay -- Psychology

The concept of self-regulation, by the average individual may be thought of more in the terms of impulse control. Every individual faces the daily challenge of controlling one’s impulses in response to a multitude of different social situations, such as at work, in the classroom, or in the privacy of one’s own home. Self-regulation is a process that many individuals may not be aware that they employ the use of in everyday social situations. However, self-regulation is not only used to regulate one’s response to situations, but also may influence whether or not one enters into various situations (Baumeister, Heatherton & Tice, 1993). A common situation where the use of self-regulation may be employed would be in the presence of an ego-threatening situation. The term ego threat is defined as any event or communication having unfavorable implications about the self (Baumeister, Heatherton & Tice, 1993). In other words, an event, which could be interpreted as a poss ible ego threat would be any event from which the individual may experience an end result of unfavorable tangible, emotional, or psychological consequences. A study conducted in 1993 by Roy F. Baumeister, Todd F. Heatherton, and Dianne M. Tice focused on events in which ego threats lead to self-regulation failure and examined the negative consequences for individuals with high self-esteem. For the purpose of this paper, I am not concerned specifically with the self-regulation failure consequences for individuals with high self-esteem per se, but more focused on how the findings can be related to how ego threat can affect self-regulation as an entity. The results of Experiment 1 in this study concluded that high self-esteem individuals experience self-regulation failure w... ...1993, the self-regulation failure is evident through the loss of focus on other assignments. Based on the evidence for self-regulation depletion in the 1998 study, the self-regulation depletion is evident through the decrease of the ability to successfully manage one’s emotions. The results of the two studies combined provide supporting evidence for self-regulation failure and self-regulation depletion as well as a better understanding of the Self. Works Cited Baumeister, R. F., Heatherton, T. F., & Tice, D. M. (1993). When ego threats lead to self- regulation failure: negative consequences of high self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64(1), 141-156. Muraven M., Tice, D. M., & Baumeister, R. F. (1998). Self-control as a limited resource: regulatory depletion patterns. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(1), 774-789.

The Cold War :: essays research papers

Harry Truman was the 33rd President of the United States from about the end of World War 2 and from the beginning of the Cold War in 1945 until he retired in January, 1952. Harry Truman was born in 1884, in Missouri. In April 1945 Truman assumed office as the President on the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt. From the 16th of July to the 2nd of August the Potsdam conference was held in Potsdam, Berlin. Truman and Stalin and Churchill attended the conference until Churchill was beaten in an election by Atlee and replaced. Truman was worried about this encounter with Stalin as he was not very well informed on him, as Roosevelt had not involved him in political issues therefore he lacked the knowledge on how to handle Stalin. The main issue at the conference was on Germany. They established the principle occupations, which were to de-nazify,de-militerise, de-centeralise de-industrialise and democrasise all of Germany. Germany’s reparations were decided. They also established that Germany’s future would be jointly worked out, no separate development without consultation of forgien ministers. Also at Potsdam the Polish borders were defined, and Russia agreed entry to the Pacific War. Truman distrusted the Russians before the conference and by the end of the conference in August Truman had developed an even larger distrust towards Russia. He felt the Russians had been given too much at Yalta and he was adopting a harder attitude. He also felt that with the power he held with the Atomic bomb, USSR were under control. The relationship between the superpwers worsened considerably at Potsdam. On the 6th of August 1945 Truman authorised an Atomic bomb to be dropped on Hiroshima, a city in Japan and another in Nagasaki, two days later, they caused horrendous damage, and many thousands of people died. After the bombs were dropped US troops occupied Japan not allowing any other forces in. Truman had told Stalin little about the bomb, first informing him at Potsdam and when he authorised the drop, he had not consulted or warned Stalin, this angered him as he had wanted to gain some Japanese territory before the end of the war and the tension began to build. The rise of two new â€Å"superpowers†developed after the war, the USA and the USSR, both wanting to be the more powerful nation. There was a rising tension between Truman and Stalin, as Truman had a different attitude to the USSR and Stalin than Roosevelt had previously.

Frankenstein and How to Read Literature Essay

The pursuit of knowledge is the very heart of Frankenstein. Mary Shelley depicts how the very pursuit, thirst for knowledge ruined one man’s life. Victor’s life is consumed by a want for more knowledge and Mary Shelley shows the before and after effects of that relentless pursuit. Robert Walton life could also be ruined by an endless need for more knowledge. The ruthless pursuit of knowledge, of reaching for a distant light proves dangerous to both Victor and Robert. The monster, Victor’s act of creation, eventually results in the destruction of everyone dear to him and Robert’s expedition is dangerously encased sheets of ice. It is here that the two characters pursuit of knowledge diverges. Victor’s telling of his story shows the dark path his need for knowledge led him down and ultimately his obsessive hatred of the monster, his creation, leads to his death. It is the telling of Victor’s story that pulls Robert back from his single minded mission and shows him the destruction that can lead from a blinded need for knowledge. Although the monster’s learning experiences and knowledge are not as advanced as Victor and Robert’s it is significant in this book. The monster’s thirst for knowledge was driven by a need for acceptance and understanding of his creation and ultimate rejection. Chapter 10: It’s More Than Just Rain or Snow Mary Shelley uses the weather as a metaphor throughout Frankenstein. It is coupled with Victor’s sickness as a foreshadowing of coming events. The storm that occurred on the night of William’s murder is an example, a foreshadowing, of the misery caused by the monster that night. Another example of seasons and the effects of them on this story is seen when both Victor and the monster feel the lifting of their spirits during warm weather. The Alps show a spiritual awakening and self-reflection, whereas, the cold and stormy weather of the north arctic or the rain of Victor’s wedding night show depression and thoughts of death. Both examples underscore the desperation of Victor and the monster’s circumstances and remind them of their own coming doom. It is clear that the weather directly corresponds to the attitudes and feelings of the characters. Chapter 11†¦More Than It’s Going to Hurt You: Concerning Violence The use of gloomy imagery reveals the creature’s feelings of abandonment and how much his pain was greater than that of Victor’s. The creature goes through a great deal of hatred brought on by his feelings of suffering and abandonment. As the book develops Shelley uncovers levels of sadness in the creature. An observation discovered through Mary Shelley’s writing style is how she uncovers the sense of sadness in the creature. His feeling of abandonment is seen when he talks of his emotions to Victor stating, â€Å"Be calm! I entreat you to hear me, before you give vent to your hatred on my devoted head. Have I not suffered enough that you seek to increase my misery? Life, although it may only be an accumulation of anguish, is dear to me, and I will defend it† (68-69). The theme of no one listening to the monster, thereby excluding him from society, is scene throughout the book. During this passage between the creature and Victor, he explains his feelings throughout his journeys using dark imagery in his attempt to make Victor understand what he felt inside. An attempt to show Victor that his pain was greater and would hurt him more than any pain he inflicted upon Victor. The creature says that even though his life is an â€Å"accumulation of anguish†, he will continue to live because he cares about his life even though no one else does. Chapter 12: Is That a Symbol? Touches of violent imagery are given to the reader throughout the book. The violent side of the creature is unleashed and shown to the reader as he tries to find a moment of acceptance by the human community. An excellent example of this is the portion of the monster’s story where he is sharing the cottage with the Delacy family. After being rejected by society, the monster took refuge in a little barn adjacent to a small, humble cottage. Through a gap between the barn and the cottage the monster observed their behavior. He was amazed that despite their poor circumstances the Delacy family still maintained a loving relationship. The creature remarks, â€Å"When I slept, or was absent, the forms of the venerable blind father, the gentle Agatha, and the excellent Felix flitted before me. I looked upon them as superior beings, who would be the arbiters of my future destiny. I formed in my imagination a thousand pictures of presenting myself to them, and their reception of me. I imagined that they would be disgusted, until, by my gentle demeanor and conciliating words, I should first win their favor, and afterwards their love† (72). Chapter 19: Geography Matters†¦ In a person’s life social geography plays a huge role. Included in social geography are segregation, economics, class, and race. All which play a part in how a person lives and how they are treated by society. In addition to the fore mentioned factors, a person’s looks play a part in how they are looked upon by society. Deformities, monstrosity, can directly affect where a person lives and even their class. In Frankenstein, Shelley used the monster’s looks to single him out in society. The origins of his looks were the unnatural manner of his creations, and it was this origin of his looks that made everyone want to get out of his path, to cross the street to avoid contact. The monster was immediately abandoned by Victor without any direction and left to deal with preconceived prejudices people had based on his looks and no personal knowledge of his situation. The monster’s lack of knowledge as how to handle these reactions from society pushed him to commit crimes. The monster said, â€Å"I, the miserable and the abandoned, am an abortion, to be spurned at, and kicked, and trampled on† (Shelley 19). This eruption of self-pity by the monster in questioning the injustice of his treatment by society and his creator displays his inner life, giving Walton and the reader a look into the monster’s suffering and his motivation behind his crimes. Chapter 20†¦So Does Season The changes in Victor’s physical and mental state seem to mirror the changes of the seasons, or maybe these states are simply affected by the change of the seasons. An example of this would be the period in which Clerval nursed Victor back to health. During this period the season changed to spring and could be seen as signs of new beginnings. Clerval helps Victor regain his physical health and re-discover his love for the natural world he lost during his quest for creating new life. Shelley’s use of the excerpt that â€Å"Winter, Spring, and Summer passed away† during Victor’s work, does more than just inform the reader of the passing of time buts reminds the reader of the imagery relating to each of the seasons. In addition, the phrase â€Å"passed away† indicates that time Victor could have spent enjoying nature â€Å"died† while he was closed off in his laboratory. Furthermore, the excerpt describes that â€Å"The leaves of that year withered before my work drew near to a close†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The use of the word â€Å"withered† hints to Victor’s body becoming frail and unhealthy during that time. The imagery showed that Victor was in an unhealthy state of body and mind. Chapter 25: Don’t Read With Your Eyes Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, as many other works of its time, have been taken apart and studied repeatedly for underlying meaning by the author. Scholars look for an understanding of what they believe Shelley’s views and what message she was trying to give to the reader. So many have taken apart this novel, analyzing it over and over again, from many different angles, yet her work still remains a puzzle to solve. Could this perhaps be the result of over-analysis? Are scholars looking too carefully and too deeply for a meaning more elaborate than a story told by a teenager? Mary Shelley was eighteen at the time she wrote Frankenstein. Taking into account her age, is it more likely that Shelley was not commenting on social aspects but expressing feelings felt by all teenagers. Almost all of us can relate to a time when we were young and misunderstood by our parents. A time when feelings of isolation, separation and being misunderstood, were common experiences. These feelings being attributed to the monster could be nothing more than the feelings that Shelley was herself feeling at the time. Works Cited Foster, Thomas C. How to Read Literature Like a Professor: A Lively and Entertaining Guide to Reading between the Lines. New York: Quill, 2003. Print. Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft. Frankenstein or, The Modern Prometheus. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1984.

Definition and Examples of Speakers in Language Studies

Definition and Examples of Speakers in Language Studies In linguistics and communication studies, a speaker is one who speaks: the producer of an utterance.  In rhetoric, a speaker is an orator: one who delivers a speech or formal address to an audience. In literary studies, a speaker is a  narrator: one who tells a story.   Observations On Speakers The average adult English speaker has a vocabulary of around thirty thousand words and speaks ten to twelve sounds per second. Most of us in modern America, apart from the very solitary and the very garrulous, speak anywhere from 7,500 to 22,500 words a day. Grabbing these words, one every four hundred milliseconds on average, and arranging them in sequences that are edited and reviewed for grammar and appropriateness before theyre spoken requires a symphony of neurons working quickly and precisely. Pronouncing (or signing) words in any language requires that your brain coordinate with your body in order to turn the electricity of nerve impulses into waves of sound (or, if you sign, of gesture and motion). So far, scientists have been able to draw only simple models of how the control of language toggles back and forth between the brain and the body.(Michael Erard, Um, Slips, Stumbles, and Verbal Blunders, and What They Mean. Random House, 2008)Since native speakers of a language can not have memorized each phrase or sentence of their language, given that the set of phrases and sentences is infinite, their linguistic knowledge cannot be characterized as a list of phrases or sentences. . . . If a list of phrases is insufficient, then how can we characterize the native speakers linguistic knowledge? We will say that a speakers linguistic knowledge can be characterized as a grammar consisting of a finite set of rules and principles that form the basis for the speakers ability to produce and comprehend the unlimited number of phrases and sentences of the language.(Adrian Akmajian, et al., Linguistics: An Introduction to Language and Communication, 5th ed. MIT Press, 2001) We thus make a fundamental distinction between competence (the speaker-hearers knowledge of his language) and performance (the actual use of language in concrete situations). . . . A record of natural speech will show numerous false starts, deviations from rules, changes of plan in mid-course, and so on. The problem for the linguist, as well as the child learning the language, is to determine from the data of performance the underlying system of rules that have been mastered by the speaker-hearer and that he puts to use in actual performance.(Noam Chomsky, Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. MIT Press, 1965) Pronunciation: SPEE-ker Etymology: From the Old English, speak Source: Adrian Akmajian, et al., Linguistics: An Introduction to Language and Communication, 5th ed. MIT Press, 2001 Michael Erard, Um, Slips, Stumbles, and Verbal Blunders, and What They Mean. Random House, 2008 Noam Chomsky, Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. MIT Press, 1965

Crossing Over With John Edward essays

Crossing Over With John Edward essays  ¡Crossing Over With John Edwards ¡ was something new to me, so I was not expecting anything in particular when we watched it in class. I decided to keep an open mind, in spite of the prevailing opinions from my classmates. While I was watching the video clips, a lot of thoughts ran through my mind, and the validity of the show was one of them...or lack thereof. As a Christian and a person who has had someone close to me pass away, I feel like John Edwards is manipulating these vulnerable people to make an interesting television show. When my grandfather passed away, I was stricken with grief because I was very attached to him. However, because of my strong religious convictions, I was convinced that he died and went to heaven. He was not crossing over or talking to people on earth because that is simply not what you do in heaven, in my opinion. Of course, what John Edwards is doing may be believable to some, but for those who stand by their principles, his  ¡Ã‚ °gift ¡ seems to act as a barrier for people getting over a loss. I think it is unhealthy for people to dwell on a loss, much less gain false hope from someone who believes he can talk and communicate with the dead that have  ¡Ã‚ °crossed over. ¡ When people think they are talking to someone close who has passed away, it gets in the way of their grieving and prolongs the suffering that will ensue. My grandfather has been dead for two years now, and this show, as believable as it may seem, feels like it is diminishing the memory of people who have passed away. It is a little insulting that death can be taken so frivolously. That may not be the intention of the show, but that is the impression I got from watching it. John Edwards matches a few general details and suddenly he is talking to dead people who are trying to communicate with him. John Edwards is no doubt a talented man. However, I do not believe he has the talent of com...

The Lesser Evil Essays - Social Philosophy, Philosophy Of Life

The Lesser Evil Essays - Social Philosophy, Philosophy Of Life The Lesser Evil Hathaway, Aaron Period 7 The Lesser Evil Barbara Harrison once said, The toughest choices in life are not those between good and evil, but those between the good and the lesser good. She makes a good point given that those are the only types of choices that we must make. Sadly, there is a third type of decision that we fear the most, the decisions between the bad and the lesser bad. Distinguishing the lesser of two evils is far more difficult than identifying the greater of two goods. Many times we are faced with situations where we are compelled to lie. Lying is wrong, but in many cases is less destructive than telling the truth. Take a police officer, for example, who has just apprehended a known criminal. Hes taken away in an ambulance before the officer could finish reading his rights. In court the officer is asked if the criminal was read his rights in full. At this point the officer could either tell the truth and let the criminal get away or lie and have him put behind bars. In this case lying would be wrong, but telling the truth would be even worse. Personal sacrifice is often one of the options when making a hard decision. In these cases we ask ourselves if we are willing to give something up in order to benefit others. At first glance this may seem like a decision between good (charity) and evil (selfishness). At a closer examination, however, we can see that in both cases one or the other party is at a financial loss. Help the starving children in India! Save the rainforest! What is it that makes us compelled to harm our checkbook? Guilt? Perhaps. Its most likely the belief that we can help a world problem by sending our money to a greedy corporation that will keep half of it for itself: a classic no-win situation. What about a decision that really makes us choose between the lesser of two evils? I though youd never ask. Hypothetical situation: You are staying in a quaint, forest cabin with your family. An earthquake hits in the middle of the night sending tons of snow and ice down onto your cabin. Sadly, a member of your family is terribly wounded when an iron support snaps under the pressure of the snow and becomes lodged in his arm. Its not serious but without antibiotics the wound becomes infected and leads to his death three days later. By this time your family is starving, having eaten the loaf of bread and box of cereal that you brought. You dare not try opening the door since it has buckled inwards from the weight of the snow. You have no idea when help will come. Heres where you must make your decision. Do you let your family starve and not desecrate your family members body or do you do the unthinkable and hold out a few more days, possibly saving the lives of your family members and yourself? Although extremely unlikely, while possible, this situation invokes the most feared type of decision imaginable. Most people, including myself, would choose not to answer on the basis that it would never happen. Its only natural for us to avoid something that we are absolutely terrified of. Often those decisions that we recall as the hardest decisions in our lives are those that force us to pick among several choices, all with unpleasant outcomes. We need to look past the small everyday decisions in life when deciding what is truly difficult. Although what Barbara Harrison said was true, she forgot to tell us that decisions between the bad and the worse are infinitely more difficult to make.

Implementing Strategic Sourcing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Implementing Strategic Sourcing - Assignment Example The C&C Company outsourced its Human Resource functions to a US based company XperTrans. However, the client did not get what they wanted by outsourcing their HR functions because of the inability of the supplier to undertake the contract. The escalation of commitment to the IT enabled HR business project occurred because the client was not in any position to meet the requirements of the tender. In fact, the supplier, XperTrans was only 10% into the Human Resource Outsourcing business, meaning that they only took this contract as a way of expanding their business strategy. In addition, the big client that the company netted through this contract was another way of creating a reputable brand image for the supplier, especially in the field of HRO The failure of the contract began by the lack of incorporation of the operations department in drafting the contract. The XperTrans left the whole project in the hands of the sales department, which only talked big in order to please the client, but did not consider the ability of the operations department in rolling out the contract. Furthermore, company used a US based software program to undertake all its HRO solutions in all the countries which the client had subsidiaries. This was a wrong move, as the program does not work similarly across all countries due to the specific differences in laws and legal procedures of each EMEA region. As such, it was impossible for the supplier to consolidate all its services, especially the payrolls of all the employees. The ambitious nature of this contract is what led to is massive failure.

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Report - Essay Example What they do is they start taking input for the course and start evaluating the content. Plus as the course progresses, they evaluate it along the way. The team also makes use of both learner analysis and content analysis. More emphasis is put on online learning and giving students some grids to work with, that way they don’t have to run to places to take notes in a lecture. The interface and rubric is not designed based solely on innovation, it is based on instruction design, best practices and research findings. The input they need to evaluate the course include (but are not limited to) atomization of the course and navigation of the course. Sometime ago, with the approval of The U.S. Dept. of Education, state authorization was not given to distance learning programs, the idea was to uphold integrity regulation, and not to promote diploma mills. But distance learning programs were suffering; online education had no authority to issue diploma, but things are getting better now as distance learning is no more a walk in the park, it requires hard work. The team works with the administration; they give them goals regarding distance learning. For instance here at the school, President Bradley and the Dean of Extended Learning work in coordination to setup goals for this program. The team needs to be on their toes, they have to know what’s going on in technology. For instance the polygraphic teacher will probably be available to distance leaners very soon, plus they need to know about the evolution of distance education – so a lot of research goes into their procedures. The team also offers faculty development and offers sessions of quality

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 30

Management - Essay Example Charles Investments, Molson Coors Brewing Company, and UCD’s Institute for International Business. Undeniably, globalisation has changed the nature of 21st century businesses all over the world. The world is becoming smaller by day with favourable tariffs encouraging cross-border businesses. Surprisingly, developing countries have followed suit in cross border businesses accounting for a significant percentage. Arguably, IMF predicts that in the coming few years’ developing countries will account for half of the global businesses. Advancement in technology has resulted to high-speed internet that has reduced the barriers of time and distance. Additionally, they have worked on their work environment to accommodate other cultures, other languages, and geographies. After reading the book the coming job war by Jim Clifton that describe a metric based economic model that links human nature in the work place, customer engagement, and business outcomes, IBM is considering adopting the approach. In addition, the talent masters by bill Conaty and Ram Charam has played an important role in shaping IBM. Marriott explains that IBM is working towards aligning its workforce to global opportunities a thing that will improve its productivity through development of creative leaders. In addition, this move will develop workforce skills with greater capabilities, collaboration skills, and with capacity to share knowledge. A great opportunity arises in creation of a workforce that mirrors the shift of an organisation form one level to another. IBM targets improved services to its customers, most of whom will be form outside the US. Arguably, today, 35% of IBM’s revenue comes from the US, with the balance coming from non-US countries. Projected target pr edicts that by 2017, the revenue coming from the US will go down to 23% and the one from the non-US increase to 77%, which encourages them to invest in other countries other than the

Organisational behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Organisational behaviour - Essay Example Apparently, an organization needs line managers that have their duties at different places in the organization. This ensures there is coordination and execution of all activities is done at the right time. Line managers have a direct impact on the performance of an organization. This is due to their management roles that are involved in production in the organization. For example, the line managers have a role to play in getting all the inputs that will be used in an organization. Collecting such inputs has direct effects on the production in the organization. In addition to this, the line managers have to ensure all these inputs are well taken care of while in the organization. If these inputs are misused, the managers will be blamed for such a mishap. Therefore, they should consider taking responsibility on the inputs that are put in the organization. Secondly, managers have to ensure the outputs in an organization are delivered to the stipulated places (Beardwell and Claydon, 2007 : 16). The outputs of an organization are steadfast in revenue collection. Therefore, when the outputs are given ultimate care, they are likely to increase the revenue of an organization. For example, when the outputs of the organization are collectively relayed to the stipulated places, the organization is not likely to lose any amount of cash. ... In many instances, profits of an organization reduce drastically due to irresponsible line managers. As such, the organization will suffer losses which are as a result of irresponsible line managers. Organizational culture is one aspect that should be given utter respect in an organization. This states the daily routine of an organization which is passed from one generation of line managers to another. The organizational culture of an organizational is an arrangement that states the values and concepts that are respected in the organization. These values explain a lot in terms of organizational performance (Parker, 2005: 21). Therefore line managers have to ensure they give the best in regard to culture. For example, the line managers have to ensure they pass the organizational culture and values to new employees. For example, john Lewis is a retailer that has been in the market for a long time. The retailer has the cultural value of giving high quality products to the market. This i s a cultural expression that should be passed in the next generation. Since its inception in the 1800’s, the retailer has continued to offer high quality products. This states that the organization has been steadfast in sprouting its organizational culture which is offering high quality products and services. Though the line managers and other employees change from time to time, the organization still savors the need to offer high quality products to the market. With such activities, the organization is likely to record a positive performance in the market. Line managers have to ensure there is effective communication in an organization. Communication is as vital aspect in any organization that wants to record a positive performance. First,

Why were people opposed to the war Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Why were people opposed to the war - Essay Example orld War I because it brought a bitter experience to the civilians who were harshly treated, bullied, deprived of basic needs and rights, and imprisoned in inhumane conditions. This war would also act as an opportunity for countries like Germany to revenge and upset the status quo. According Susan R Grayzel, World War 1 brought loss of many innocent lives especially children and women. The war also disrupted learning program in schools as children were also involved in the war effort. Their zeal was fostered by schools that introduced a variety of activities to aid the men at war. In most schools, lessons were substituted with patriotic holidays to raise money that could be spent on activities such as welcoming back soldiers home and celebrating the triumph (Grayzel, p.48).. This also introduced children to odd jobs such as digging gardens and cleaning chimneys in order to raise funds. For example, Victorian state schools raised  £422 470 during the war. Many nations for instance American were opposed the war and wanted to remain neutral. This was so due to the anticipated negative consequences of the war for the US in case they decided to get involved in. The need to remain neutral was crucial because the American population included citizens of countries engaged in the war. The France-Americans would want success for France while British-Americans and German-Americans would hope the same for their nations. The other part of the people opposed the war since it would increase tensions all over American society, leading to an outbreak of bloodshed on American soil by the American citizens themselves. In some cases, the Germans forced families to leave which caused more pain to the victims (Grayzel, p.108). Men and women who participated in the WW1 endured some of the cruelest forms of conflict ever known. They were sent to fight far away from home for months or even years, and underwent a chain of horrible physical and disturbing experiences (Grayzel, p.48). The

Organisational behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Organisational behaviour - Essay Example Apparently, an organization needs line managers that have their duties at different places in the organization. This ensures there is coordination and execution of all activities is done at the right time. Line managers have a direct impact on the performance of an organization. This is due to their management roles that are involved in production in the organization. For example, the line managers have a role to play in getting all the inputs that will be used in an organization. Collecting such inputs has direct effects on the production in the organization. In addition to this, the line managers have to ensure all these inputs are well taken care of while in the organization. If these inputs are misused, the managers will be blamed for such a mishap. Therefore, they should consider taking responsibility on the inputs that are put in the organization. Secondly, managers have to ensure the outputs in an organization are delivered to the stipulated places (Beardwell and Claydon, 2007 : 16). The outputs of an organization are steadfast in revenue collection. Therefore, when the outputs are given ultimate care, they are likely to increase the revenue of an organization. For example, when the outputs of the organization are collectively relayed to the stipulated places, the organization is not likely to lose any amount of cash. ... In many instances, profits of an organization reduce drastically due to irresponsible line managers. As such, the organization will suffer losses which are as a result of irresponsible line managers. Organizational culture is one aspect that should be given utter respect in an organization. This states the daily routine of an organization which is passed from one generation of line managers to another. The organizational culture of an organizational is an arrangement that states the values and concepts that are respected in the organization. These values explain a lot in terms of organizational performance (Parker, 2005: 21). Therefore line managers have to ensure they give the best in regard to culture. For example, the line managers have to ensure they pass the organizational culture and values to new employees. For example, john Lewis is a retailer that has been in the market for a long time. The retailer has the cultural value of giving high quality products to the market. This i s a cultural expression that should be passed in the next generation. Since its inception in the 1800’s, the retailer has continued to offer high quality products. This states that the organization has been steadfast in sprouting its organizational culture which is offering high quality products and services. Though the line managers and other employees change from time to time, the organization still savors the need to offer high quality products to the market. With such activities, the organization is likely to record a positive performance in the market. Line managers have to ensure there is effective communication in an organization. Communication is as vital aspect in any organization that wants to record a positive performance. First,

Should the Government Subsidize Higher Education Essay

Should the Government Subsidize Higher Education - Essay Example This paper approve that people who have higher education are able to distribute their time and resources more rationally, thus the effectiveness of their labor is increased. It is also that they are taught to use the variety of methods for solving this or that problem instead of concentrating on one method. Higher education gives its recipients the basic knowledge in different spheres of social and cultural science, thus presenting them a massive of additional information that is often helpful in their future job. It is also that government subsidizing of higher education gives opportunities to obtain financial and social status to those who wouldn't have managed to earn it otherwise. It's a proven fact that people with a degree earn more than those who don't have it, thus higher education is the only way to wealthy life for most of the American citizens. This esay makes a conclusion that the system of subsidizing of the higher education in the U.S should be changed for to open the access to education to those who are really unable to finance by themselves, instead of lowering the college expenditures for those who can already allow paying for it. The amount of merit-based aid should be decreased for to increase the expenditures for the need-based aid. It is also that the financial aid should be rather given in the form of grants instead of making students take the loans they later have great difficulties repaying.

Emerging Nokia Essay Example for Free

Emerging Nokia Essay 1. What strategy would you recommend for Nokia going forward? Please develop a complete strategy that addresses the following issues: Choice of scope: does it make sense for Nokia to be in both emerging and developed markets, or should they choose not to play in certain markets? How integrated should it be into manufacturing, services (apps), software development, sales, etc? Answer1: Choice of scope: With dwindling sales in developed countries like USA, UK, Germany, Russia and Italy and even in emerging markets like India, Indonesia and Brazil (as per Exhibit 1) despite previously having a stronghold, Nokia now had to decide if it should continue its focus on emerging markets or attempt to salvage the sales even in the developed markets. Status in developed markets: 1. The operators usually have more power but this was changing since the emergence of iPhone. It is a replacement market with users looking for up gradation 2. Competition- Growing competition from companies like Motorola, Samsung, LG and Sony Ericsson. The RIM‘s launch of Blackberry(2002) and Apple’s iPhone (2007) was a further set back 3. New Operating System- Emergence of new user friendly operating systems such as Google‘s Android and Microsoft’s Windows mobile further put Nokia on the back foot 4. Inability to understand demand- Nokia failed to identify the growing consumer need for touch screen phones 5. Target Nokia operated at all price points where as competitors like Apple (high-end segment) and Samsung( mid and high end segment) had a clearly drawn up strategy Slowdown in some emerging markets: 1. Reverse bundling allows the manufacturer to wield more power than the operator 2. There is lower cost of production which helps produce inspirational products at low rates 3. The growing competition from companies like Samsung that were offering the latest technology at competitive prices 4. Therefore, Nokia lost out on the middle and high segment but continued to grow in the low-end mobile segment as it had identified the gaps in emerging markets and customized services to suit the local consumers Nokia must recognize the difference in the different market  segments and take the challenges head on to be able to operate in both markets. It must clearly identify the segments it wants to operate in and also change its positioning based on the data below. Data from Exhibit 11: Percentage of phone sales by segment Emerging Markets Developed Countries Mid East AP w/o Japan Latin America E. Europe Japan W. Europe North America Basic 41% 43% 20% 34% 0% 4% 8% Enhanced 40% 44% 58% 45% 32% 29% 43% Smart Phones- E. level 10% 7% 12% 10% 6% 34% 8% Smart phone- Feature 10% 6% 9% 11% 62% 33% 41% Penetration 58% 45.50% 80.30% 127.50% 86.60% 122.90% 84.90% Nokia Market Share 61.40% 42.30% 32.80% 48% 0.30% 39.40% 7.20% In emerging markets, Nokia must focus on Basic and Enhanced phones, as that is the largest segment as the market is still evolving and low cost handsets coupled with customized services will help further grow its footprint. In developed countries, Nokia should look at development of high end- high technology driven models in the Smart Phones Entry Level and Feature segment. At the same time when it comes to Japan, Nokia should look to  divest as it is largely smartphone driven market and Nokia has very little market share and does not have the requisite technology to successfully compete in that segment yet. It is essential for Nokia to follow the innovations in developed countries especially USA and adapt them to developing markets if it wants to stand up against competition in both the markets. Mobile phone industry has followed the International Product Life Cycle but now they have reached a stage where different approach is required for innovation to take place in developed and developing markets to meet their specific needs. Another key thing that Nokia must do is to reconsider its Transnational Strategy and adopt a Multi-Domestic Strategy to be able to cater to the distinctive needs of both the developed and emerging markets and to be more locally responsive. Level of Integration: Manufacturing- It should continue to be highly integrated as that is its core competency and contributed to operating profits with a CAGR of 13%. It helps in cost control especially in price-sensitive emerging markets. Operating System- Low integration. The future of Symbian isn’t very bright as competitors like Android of Google and Apple already have a lot of applications to offer on their OS. hence, it must look to finding a partner for a better OS as has been shown by its adoption of windows OS. Service (Apps) Low integration. This can also be outsourced since it is not a core competency of Nokia and customer Value given to third party applications is on the rise (as per Exhibit 6) Sales and Distribution- Should be highly integrated as it has already developed a vast distribution and achieved great penetration in emerging markets which has been a source of higher margins by direct selling to consumers and is also a core competency. 2. What products should it offer smart phones, low end phones, etc? Source of advantage: what will be the distinctive competitive advantage that Nokia will offer? Choice of activities: what choices should Nokia make in all its key activities, and where will it locate those activities for eg., HR policies, manufacturing, RD, software development, sales and marketing, etc. What is the justification for your strategy recommendation? Answer2: Addressing the consumer needs should be the strategy for Nokia in both emerging and developed market. In the emerging markets where Nokia is already a leader, it should focus on catering to the growing bottom of the pyramid consumer. The biggest advantage that Nokia offers is its reach. It should focus on its complimentary telecom industry trend, specifically in India, telecom players are involved into price war and which gave customer a higher bargaining power to switch. In such case coming up with dual sim phone would cater to the primary need of market. The applications in the phone should be in sync with local leisure such as music, newspaper and such more. Instead charging user for Life tools, revenue generation should be from advertisers. Provide time bound high end test features in low end phone during successive OS updates; this will generate user awareness and need for high end smart phone. On the other hand, in developed markets, Nokia has lost its share to other players. Customer demands smartphones with high quality user interface experience and applications and data security (RIM’s competency), Nokia need to target it. Nokia’s target should be the esteem need of user. Developing an OVI ecosystem with third party app developers, advertisers through more free and few paid applications for users. This will give Nokia a distinct advantage in the market if acted as 1st mover. More investment and development for user data security will generate trust among the users. In the mobile phone industry, the product life cycle is very short. Every year a new product is available on the shelf. Hence responsiveness to the consumer’s need is a must. Nokia failed to do that this with the clamshell model in China. By the time it came out with the product, the trend for clamshell models had faded and Nokia lost out to competition. Key advantages of Nokia a. 3 distinct operating system platforms that can offer the base for wide range of products catering to all user segments. b. Longest and complex supply chain in the world. It has the most efficient sourcing, logistics, manufacturing, and distribution of any company in the world. c. Nokia offers the OVI Store: the second largest app store in the world which is growing 70% per month as per Tero Ojanpera, Nokia’s EVP for the Services. d. With the acquisition of Navteq Corporation, it has a strong presence in the GPS  world and provides a wide range of geographic image support covering almost more than 180+ countries. e. In India. Nokia has a strong hold of rural market with their distribution system handles by HCL Info systems. In Latin America, it has a dedicated team to manage the relationship with America Movil and Telefonica and to co-ordinate sales and services across the region. Choice of activities a. HR policies should be locally controlled by subsidiaries to keep local culture intact. b. Manufacturing should be done on a global scale to utilize cost and resource arbitrage. Core product RD should be centralized with satellite RD in each market to add local flavor to the product. c. Software development centers have to be installed in countries like India or Philippines to utilize local talent and expertise in software development. d. Sales and marketing should be again localized. Country specific distribution channel should be adopted.

Ergonomic Factors in Workplace Accidents

Ergonomic Factors in Workplace Accidents Critically evaluate the ergonomic factors that may lead to incidents or accidents in the workplace environment. You should make reference to relevant examples where appropriate. It is essential that you research the current scientific literature on this subject and that you use this literature to support your critical discussion throughout. Introduction Ergonomics (Ahonen, M., Launis, M., Kuorinka, T.,1989) is a branch of engineering science, it accords the factors such as peoples psychology, people’s physiology, and body structure to design the hand tools, machines, households accessories, etc., in order to guarantee peoples security, work healthily, comfortably, and satisfied working results. Ergonomics has absorbed the extensive knowledge contents of natural science and social science; During World War II, because of the production of various modern weapons, designers must consider the users physiology and psychological characteristic conscientiously, and study how to make the machine in conformity with peoples ability limit and characteristic, thus the â€Å"ergonomics† has produced. Today, the ergonomics designs are widely used in the world (Alexander, D., Rabourn, R., 2001). In the study of â€Å"ergonomics†, the size of every part of human body, the persons vision and normal physiological value of the sense of hearing, the posture when people are working, human scope of activities, movement rhythm and speed, the muscle intensity, all are recorded (Bailey, R. W., 1989). Since those labor condition would causes the tire, fatigue, small amount damage to human body. Furthermore, the workplace environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, sound, vibration, illumination, color, smell of the environment are also a study area in ergonomics. Because those environmental conditions also causes the tire, fatigue, small amount damage to human body (Chengalur, S.N., Rodgers, S.H., Bernard, T.E., 2003). The study on peoples working behavior and produce various factors of the behavioral difference in ergonomic; these factors can be drawn together. It includes subjective factors such as age, gender, personal intelligence, culture engineering level, working interest and working motive, personality characteristic, working mood, etc. At the same time, the Ergonomics expert/researcher also study the social factor of living in objective factors such as the environment, equipment performance, condition of work, etc. These factors make peoples has a difference to the intensity of adaptation to various hand tools, fixture, machine, or equipment (Eastman Kodak Company, 2003). . Ergonomic Related Injury Ergonomic injuries include Repetitive Motion Injuries (RMIs), Repetitive Stress Injuries (RSIs), Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTDs), Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs), or Cumulative Trauma Injuries (CTIs) (Armstrong, T. J., Kilbom, A., Violante, F. , 2000) (Arndt, R., Putz-Anderson, V. , 2002). The Ergonomic injuries (Hancock, P. A., Desmond, P. A., 2000). normally caused by the presence of ergonomic related risk factors (Aghazadeh, F.,1994), they are: Vibration: People uses impact tools or vibrating equipment. Awkward Body Postures: maintaining awkward or fixed or posture without any support such as twisting, reaching, or bending. Repetition: the people doing the same and repetitive motions for a long time. Force: The pressure applied to any part of human body while working such as gripping a hand tool, pulling, lifting, or pushing, pulling. Contact Stress: pressure applied to any soft tissues of human body while working such as the as the wrist pressed by sharp edges or hand tools. Exposure to heat or cold It is often these risk factors over time can lead to combinations of pain, injury and disability when people may cause injury, sustained exposure to ergonomic risk factors (Alston, G. (2003). Single event may place a stressed body tissues, but the exposure is too low bruises. Over time, the soft tissue or human body has the ability to recover. Repeated exposure to these risk factors, it may interfere with the bodys normal healing process, resulting in a disproportionate response, and lead to cause harm to humans (Alli, B. O., 2001). Ergonomic injury or MSD can affect the muscles, nerves, tendons, ligaments, joints, cartilage and intervertebral discs. They can be directly or indirectly related to job duties or work environment. Non- work activities and the environment will also affect the MSD. For example, the general staff may spend 6-8 hours a days computer work. With features such as online shopping, paying bills online, and sends the emails. The employee may spend 2-4 hours daily supplement his or her personal computer for sending and receiving e-mail. When the steps we spend more and more time each day on the computer , we have taken to ensure that our computers ( both in work and at home ) is set up to prevent these musculoskeletal disorders is imperative (Ayoub, M. M., Mital, A.,1989). Ergonomics is in already using various products, facility and production system extensively in the mechanical industry (Auburn Engineers, 1993). For example, driving car is an integration of people machine environmental system, driver should first find out about environment (rate of traffic flow, stream of people, traffic light, and sign) and status of car such as speed, engine temperature, pressure, oil level, etc. The driver has interaction with car control system for perfect driving. In addition to make the driver drive car with safe and comfortable, driver should adjust drivers seat. Furthermore, the vehicle designer should follow the human measurements, physiology, psychological characteristics while designing the car. 3. Example of Improvement of Screw Driver Design in Accordance with Ergonomics Rule Screwdriver is one of the most frequently used hand tools now, no matter is nearly indispensable tool in the factory or family, but when a person use screwdrivers, its main purpose may be to fasten into and back-out the screw, the homework involves the repetitiveness work of the hand, it crook back of especially wrist (Backs, R. W., Boucsein, W., 2000), palm crooking etc. The People/workers frequently use of screwdriver is easily to cause the accumulating muscle skeleton injuring or hand injury such as Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). For general screwdriver, it is a combination of a handle, a shaft, and a tip. The tip can be inserted into the head of the screw to fasten it into or back-out from a board, or wall. Figure 1. Screwdriver Design Before Improvement Figure 2. Screwdriver Design After improvement According to ergonomics, the new screwdriver design make the shaft with more greatly spraining strength, and then let user feel comfortable to hold the screwdriver and efficiency in use (Bahr, N. J., 1997) (Campbell, A., 2000). The ergonomics design includes the change of materials of handle. Use rubbery material to replace hard plastic or metal. The soft rubbery material provides strong friction between the handle of screwdriver and hand to prevent the slip whiles the use. The size and shape of handle should also be changed. In accordance with ergonomics, the size and shape of handle should fit the human wrist. It makes the people easily to hold the screwdriver with more comfortable and less fatigue (Green, J., 1997). The result of modification of screwdriver designs (based on ergonomic rules) is: (1)Increase the comfortableness when screwdrivers are held. (2)Flexibility degree, efficiency and torsion increasing while the use of screwdriver. (3)Reduce the probability of accumulating injury of the hand. 4. Example of Improvement of Computer Desk in Accordance with Ergonomics Rule According to the literature, there are a considerable number of computer operators complain about the long-term use of computer generated body discomfort, Including eye irritation affected eye feel pressure, keyboard or desk height not suitable for the operator and cause limbs stiff, these can lead to injury or damage to persons of the body, not only affect their health, but also reduce the work efficiency (Hanna, S. R., Konz, S., 2004). In accordance with ergonomics rules (Barling, J., Frone, M. R., 2004), computer desk should be designed to have a tilt angle, it allowing users to use the computer in the long term (Haas, E., Edworthy, J., 2003), and feel more comfortable in sitting job. The improved design also increases the work efficiency, but user doesn’t feel more burden or fatigue. In addition, the height and angle of desktop computer desk, with height and angle of display platform can also be adjustable to fit the body size of user (Anshel, J., 2005). Easy adjustable desktop computer desk, it allows users to feel more comfortable with less fatigue while the use of desk top computer (Grandjean, E., 1992). Source: http://www.cbs.state.or.us/osha/pdf/ergo/ergoadvantages.pdf Figure 3. Comfortable Setting of Computer Desk The improvement of desk top computer desk design in accordance with ergonomics rules can benefits users as follows: (1) The user can easily adjust the height and angle of desktop computer desk, it make user more comfortable while use of desktop computer. (2) The improvement of desktop computer desk design can reduce the burden/fatigue on the user shoulders, neck, and other parts of the elbow while long-term use of desktop computer. (3) The improvement of desktop computer desk design can reduce the eye fatigue while user long-term faced the monitor. 5. Example of Improvement of the Use of Portable Computer/Note Book Computer in Accordance with Ergonomics Rule Portable application of computer (Note Book Computer) is already quite popular as desk top computer, especially note book computer is easy to carry and place on the office table and play as desk top computer. More companies encourage the employee to use of note book computer instead of traditional desk top computer. But, based on the characteristic of the portable computer/note book computer in the design, for example, the keyboard and screen cannot separated from the computer, the user is often difficult to keep the good working posture while working. In long-term cases, it may cause muscle and bones straining or other relevant health problems. The improvement for the use of note book computer is needed. User or employee should follow the principles as much as possible while using the portable computer to work: Place the screen in front of the user Keeping the height of screen is the same as users sight height as much as possible (Anshel, J., 1998), or the screen is only lower than user sight height slightly (portable computer/note book computer normally placed on desk and then the screen being higher than the level of the tabletop) User should takes distance of 350-600 millimeters to the screen of portable computer/note book computer (display screen of 14 inches relatively takes distance of 400 millimeters) User can easily change the slope of screen and then cater to the users need User should avoid viewing the screen near window or other light sources The text size should be large, word distance and row spacing should be enough. Use the wrist or mouse cushion Platform for Portable Computer/Note Book Computer shelf /platform The employer should provide platform or screen support frame for note book computer user. This can help user to adjust the height of screen at users sight level. External keyboard and mouse The employer should provide ergonomics compatible external keyboard and mouse to note book computer user. It makes user, more comfortable and less fatigue (Jacko, J. A., Sears, A., 2003). Under many circumstances, external keyboard and mouse are the important accessories for portable computers user in the office. The following are suggestions of the external keyboard: The keyboard is thinner as much as possible, it is much better if the angle of keyboard can be adjusted in order to facilitate the user under different working conditions and postures (Vink, P., 2005); Word and symbol on the keyboard should be known and easy to recognize; There are enough spaces that offered support for hand in front of the keyboard.

Analysis of Emily Dickinsons Because I Could Not Stop for Death Essay

Analysis of Emily Dickinson's "Because I Could Not Stop for Death" In regard to Emily Dickinson’s poem, â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death,† Critic Eunice Glenn says: â€Å"In the first two lines Death, personified as a carriage driver, stops for one who could not stop for him. The word ‘kindly’ is particularly meaningful, for it instantly characterizes Death. This comes with surprise, too, since death is more often considered grim and terrible† (Glenn). Critic Charles R. Anderson says, â€Å"Death, usually rude, sudden, and impersonal, has been transformed into a kindly and leisurely gentleman† (Anderson). Both critics seem to agree on the significance of the word â€Å"kindly† in the first two lines of the poem. â€Å"Because I could not stop for Death— / He kindly stopped for me—† (1-2). They take the word â€Å"kindly† for its most common definitions—agreeable, pleasant, benevolent, etc. With further research, however, alternative, as well as more enlightening, definitions become available. The Oxford English Dictionary defines kindly as: â€Å"In accordance with nature; naturally; by natural disposition; characteristically† and â€Å"In the way suitable or appropriate to the nature of the thing; properly, fittingly† (â€Å"Kindly†). These definitions add new insight to the poem. In the superficial sense, Death seemingly performed a charitable act by stopping for the speaker; in application of these less common definitions, however, Death stopping for the speaker was necessary and proper. It was following a fter the natural course of things. Rather than merely suggesting the Death was a charming, courteous carriage driver, the speaker implies that Death was obligated to stop for her; she is unable to stop for him. It is inter... ...s of conducting mortals into eternity. —JAIME SORENSEN, Brigham Young University, Idaho Works Cited Anderson, Charles R. Modern American Poetry. 1 Jan 2002. University of Illinois. 13 Sept. 2005 uiuc.edu/maps/poets/a_f/dickinson/712.htm>. Dickinson, Emily. â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop for Death.† The Complete Poems of Emily Dickinson. Ed. Thomas H. Johnson. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard UP, 1960. Engle, Patricia. â€Å"Dickinson’s ‘Because I Could Not Stop For Death.’† The Explicator 60(2002): 72-75. Glenn, Eunice. Modern American Poetry. 1 Jan 2002. University of Illinois. 13 Sept. 2005 /poets/a_f/dickinson/712.htm>. Kennedy, X.J., Dana Gioia, and Mark Bauerlein. Handbook of Literary Terms. Chelmsford: Courier Corp.,2005.â€Å"Kindly.† Oxford English Dictionary. 2nd ed. 1989.

Black Swan Essay -- Film Analysis, Nina Sayers

The main character in the film Black Swan, twenty-eight year old female Nina Sayers, displays signs of numerous disorders through her abnormal behavior. Nina’s life is consumed by her occupation: professional ballerina/dancer. Nina resides with her mother and rarely socializes with others. She has difficulty concentrating, is restless, irritable, suffers from muscle tension, and sleep disturbances from nightmares. Nina also feels very uncomfortable in social and intimate situations. She appears to be unable to successfully interact with those around her. The interaction that Nina has with her fellow dancers appears to be strained and superficial. Nina exhibits behavior that indicates she views all other dancers as competition instead of potential comrades’ or friends. Being very introverted and unable to share any part of herself with those around her, even her mother, who appears to be the only person that has been remotely close to Nina, causes her to seek companio nship with parts of herself instead of healthy relationships with others. Nina exhibits signs of generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, and paranoid personality disorder through these abnormal behaviors. Nina has also blacked out on several occasions and shows signs of mutilation to her body without her knowledge: bruises, cuts, and scratches. According to her mother, Nina used to self-mutilate when she was a child, but it has recently started happening again. Nina sees images of herself, but a different and â€Å"evil† version of herself. This could be the awakening of an alter personality or sub-personality. Nina’s stress level with the new performance in her ballet comapny may have played a part in this change. Dissociative identity disorder is said... ...ed with extensive amounts of individual psychotherapy. Free association must be applied in these therapy sessions; free association is when the therapist has the patient describe any thought, feeling, or image that comes to mind (Comer, 2011). Nina will hopefully relive past repressed feelings from her childhood, this is called catharsis, and it is extremely important for the progression of treatment. Catharsis is paramount for Nina to settle her internal conflicts and overcome her problems. Hypnotherapy should be applied during regular therapy sessions to combat Nina’s dissociative identity disorder. Her sub-personality must be integrated and merged into a single personality, before other sub-personalities appear. If these therapies and medications are continued consistently and Nina cooperates in treatment, the likelihood of a successful recovery is high.

Should We Have Gone to War in Iraq Persausive Essay

Operation Iraqi Freedom How many people do you know that have fought in the United States most recent war? This war was called Operation Iraqi Freedom. Many people have family members that fought in this war, or maybe a neighbor. The Iraq war was started shortly after 9/11 when the United States felt that Iraq leader Saddam Hussein had weapons of Mass Destruction. (WMD’s) With the rumor that Iraq had WMD’s President Bush felt the US military had to go on the offense to assure the safety of the country. With that in mind I agree with going to war in Iraq. Also, Saddam Hussein was also rumored to be supporting and housing terrorists and members of Al-Qaeda in Iraq. Finally, Saddam Hussein committed many acts of violence against the Iraqi people that he reigned over with an iron fist. Although many people don’t feel that we should have gone to war in Iraq because some Iraqi people didn’t want the troops there, and because many troops were killed, I feel that war in Iraq was the right thing to do so that people throughout the world and the United States could be kept safe. First, Saddam Hussein was thought to be aiding various terrorist groups that don’t like the United States very much. Many people in President Bush’s cabinet and administration felt that Saddam Hussein was aiding the terrible terrorist group Al-Qaeda, which was the terrorist group responsible for the thousands of deaths in the US on 9/11. With no financial evidence of aiding Al-Qaeda, there is evidence of Saddam helping other terrorist groups. It has been reported that Hussein would give money to the families of Palestinians killed in conflict. He was known to give up to $25,000 to the families of suicide bomber, which many of these bombers were working for militants groups like Hamas. The United States could not let someone who was supporting terrorism stay in power. Second, the United States had to go to war with Iraq, to get Saddam Hussein out of power after the many violent acts he committed over his reign in Iraq. One of these terrible acts of violence was after an assassination attempt on Hussein’s life. While riding through the city of Dujail, an attempt on Hussein’s life was made by Shiite militants. Saddam Hussein decided that he need to wipe out the entire city of Dujail, which had 148 residents, including dozens upon dozens of children. These were the crimes that Saddam Hussein brought up on and eventually executed for. Hussein’s worst acts came in the years 1986-1989. In these years his administration called for an extermination of any living thing in the northern Kurdish region. In this time Hussein killed 182,000 Kurds using chemical weapons to kill many of them. As you can see the United States could no longer have this man ruling an entire country. Finally, rumored WMD’s were the biggest reason the United States decided to go to war. After many years of the UN searching for these weapons Iraq decided not to let inspectors into the country anymore. The Bush administration took these signals as Iraq and Hussein not wanting the UN to find the weapons of mass destruction. Before the invasion, and before inspectors were banned from Iraq, rocket warheads, 50 liters of mustard gas, and 50 missiles were decommissioned. These things gave Bush administration a strong feeling that Saddam Hussein was hiding WMD’s from the rest of the world. Although no WMD’s were found during the war, I still feel that going into Iraq was the right decision. There was no way we could let there be rumors about Saddam Hussein having WMD with what he has done to people with them in the past. Saddam Hussein was a terrible dictator that killed many people with chemical weapons. When he was rumored again to have weapons, the Bush administration decided it was time to act against Hussein. They had to make sure the evil dictator didn’t have any WMD’s. In doing this the Bush administration and the brave soldier of the US military protected the lives of many people in the Middle East and maybe the lives of many here in the United States. â€Å"The War Crimes of Saddam Hussein. † Civil Liberties at About. com – Your Guide to Civil Liberties News and Issues. Web. 31 Dec. 2011. http://civilliberty. about. com/od/internationalhumanrights/p/saddam_hussein. htm â€Å"Rationale for the Iraq War. † Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 31 Dec. 2011. .http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Rationale_for_the_Iraq_War#Human_rights

Toyota Quality Management

Name of organization Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC), commonly known as Toyota in the stock markets. Japanese Toyota is multinational automaker headquartered in Toyota, Aichi, Japan. The company was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda, as a spinoff from his father's company, Toyota Industries, to create automobiles. In July 2012 the company reported that it had manufactured its 200 millionth vehicle. Background/overview of organization Size of company – 300,734 employees worldwide as of 2012 Type of industry Automotive Manufacturing Product or service – Largest automobile manufacturer in the world. Brief synopsis of Quality management processes Toyota quality control, in the strict business sense, with monitoring the means of production to ensure that the finished product meets a certain standard. There are number of different elements that are important for the control quality that which includes the skilled management, knowledge of the production process, and the motivation and eagerness of the workers at all levels. In general, Toyota makes sure that the quality of automobile remains the standard across the board in the manufacturing that involves the assembly line. Quality control is the general process that seeks out to bring together a wide variety of factors which helped to meet the standard set by Toyota. Introduction to the Problem Identify the Quality Issues that need to be addressed Vehicle recalls, November 2009 through 2010, Toyota recalled more than 9 million cars and trucks worldwide in several recall campaigns, and briefly halted production and sales. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) regarding the defective accelerator pedals issues in which in early 2010, Toyota paid the fines without an admission of wrong doing. The U. S. NHTSA, and Japanese Ministry of Transport have been involved in the investigations with the driver error or pedal misapplication was found responsible for most of the incidents. This included sticking accelerator pedals, and pedals caught under floor mats. Through the years Toyota Motor Corporation has seen major growth throughout their timeline hierarchy. Toyotas growth can be attributed to Toyotas company orientation and that is recognizing the consumers demands, having the right products in place to meet these demands. Opportunities Since Toyotas massive vehicle recalls, Toyotas management implemented new initiatives that included equipping all 2011 and future vehicles with Smart Stop Technology, and enhanced event data recorders. Toyota also launched a training center that will be utilized just for quality training, and training team members in customer first practices. These initiatives and training will evolve Toyota Motor Corporation back on top as the leading quality car manufacturer. Toyota is taking an approach to what it calls performance-based facilities management (PBFM). PBFM is facility management with a twist, were the focus will be on more what needs to be done, then leaving the decisions to the employees that are doing the work. This will allow Toyota to spend more time looking at the strategic planning as opposed to the micro-managing what the company has done in the past. Throughout the years Toyotas Total Quality Management (TQM) has been its strength year after year, winning numerous quality awards. Along with quality, Toyota pioneered their own lean system called Toyota Production System (TPS) which identifies and reduces/eliminates waste and variance in processes. Managing product quality was Toyota Motor Corporations claim to gaining market share over other U. S. car manufacturers but recently, during the last few years, Toyotas product quality has been somewhat dismal with over 5. 3 million vehicles recalled since 2009 and 2010 due to safety issues. Possible Quality Management Initiative Lean Principles – Today, Toyota is not so much focused on automobile production like it was back in the 1970s. Instead Toyota is focused on creating a continuous and uninterrupted flow in operations. Thus, for many of their processes, they are continually striving toward a target condition of a single or one-piece flow, sometimes known as make one, move one. Where this can be achieved, work-in process are naturally reduced and velocity is drastically increased as a result of the single-piece transfer batch size. Managing Quality – Quality is an integral focus of operations management. Quality offers companies a way of enhancing their competiveness and strategic position in the marketplace. Recently, with more and more companies accepting the importance of quality, it has become both an order qualifier and, if lacking, an order loser. Product quality was Toyota Motor Corporations claim to gaining market share over other U. S. car manufacturer but recently in the last few years the product quality Toyota hung their hat on, shattered like broken glass, and in order for Toyota Motor Corporation to regain 75 plus years of quality excellence, that was shattered these last few years, Toyota needs to recognize that it once again need to qualitatively improve on its supply chain management processes.

Discussion borad Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discussion borad - Essay Example In the year 2011, approximately 1,000 workers fainted in factories that were owned by South Koreans, Taiwanese, and the Chinese. In spite of mass protests, the situation is quite critical as well as tricky. It is a booming industry in Cambodia that garners revenue of around $5 billion and provides employment opportunities to 600,000 people mostly from lower economic class. The pay is extremely meager with less that $100 per month and this compels many of them to work overtime for extra earnings. Workers from garment factories have been vocal with their complaints regarding their poor working conditions but mostly there have been no positive remedies. Illness is another factor that causes grievance among workers, but any kind of strikes are suppressed by violence from the authorities. For instance, in January this year police fired to control crowds during a strike resulting in the death of five workers. For April 17, workers are again preparing for a strike and this time their demand will be to increase monthly wages from $100 to $160 (Powell). Now the tricky part is where does the solution lie. It is no doubt that Cambodian economy is to a large extent thriving on foreign investments. Since the beginning of global recession in 2008, Cambodia has experienced high economic development in the initial two years all thanks to foreign investments, a flourishing tourism industry and thriving agricultural industry. According to Stephen Higgins, chief executive officer for ANZ Royal Bank in Phnom Penh, â€Å"The Cambodian economy is probably in the best shape it has ever been in† (Corben). Workers are a major factor in any industry, and it is their labour and endurance that provides for the economy of a country. Hence, it is a tragedy that not only in Cambodia, but in many developing countries the situation is almost same. Poor working condition is part and parcel of jobs for the working class in addition to low wages. Such

Child abuse as a social issue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Child abuse as a social issue - Essay Example A child can develop well only when he gets proper education and health care facilities. Well-being of children can be assured only when the society has the ability to protect the rights of its children and safeguard them from injury and abuse (Jack & Gill, 2010, p.82). Child welfare agencies are formed for protection of children and their all round development. These agencies make their decisions regarding their child protection policies about permanent well-being of children. These decisions are based on interviews taken of children and families who have been reported for child abuse or neglect. The efficiency of child welfare policies depends on the ability of the agencies to conduct proper investigations of the mistreatment received by the child. Only precise conclusions about safety of children derived from the information collected from such investigations can build effective case plans. Workers of these agencies who take the responsibilities of taking interviews of children mus t have the knowledge and skills to make emotional inquiries in a sensitive manner. The agencies should be able to impart necessary values and knowledge to their workers through effective training in order to fulfill their child safety missions (Pence, 2011, p.50). Over the past three decades the philosophy and strategies of determining whether intervention is necessary in situations where a child is abused or has the potential risk of being harmed or injured have altered. The traditional method of child maltreatment investigations which involved participation of criminal and juvenile laws has evolved. Now, there are more â€Å"understanding of risk and safety, political pressures, implementation of evidence-based and research-supported interventions, philosophical shifts, and other variables† (Pence, 2011, p.51). Where traditionally the agency workers used to take action based on complaints of abuse, now take necessary steps to collect correct information regarding the truth and extent of maltreatment and what case plans should be made to ensure the safety of the children and promote protective behavioral patterns in the caretakers (Pence, 2011, p.51). There are many factors that determine the shape of child welfare services – the number of children in a population who are abused or are at risk, the social and economic conditions of the families and their technological advancement, prevailing ideologies concerning the children and the other members of their families, political pressure from different groups, and the principal views about reasons behind poverty, illness and crime. One criteria that is a permanent issue of child welfare agencies is to find solution to problems of those children whose parents cannot provide proper care. Although the proposed solution is â€Å"permanency planning†, history suggests that such planning cannot abolish the need of wide-ranging public provisions for children who are poor, neglected or disabled (Mal lon & Hess, 2005, p.10). The rate of child abuse has grown significantly all over the world and is essentially evident in North America and Western Europe. Between the years 1980 to 1993, the number of children who have been subject to mistreatment has doubled. This is a grave matter which has imposed great strains on the child welfare age

Battle of the Bulge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Battle of the Bulge - Essay Example Even though Western powers expected a major strike from Germany towards the end of WW2, they were unaware about the timing, location and the strategies of the German attack. This paper analyses the importance of Battle of the Bulge in the rest of the Second World War. Hitler was able to create some panic in the enemy camp during the initial periods of Battle of Bulge because of his unexpected war tactics and strategies. â€Å"On Christmas Eve, the Allies experienced the first ever attack by jet bombers. Sixteen German Me-262’s attacked rail yards in an attempt to upset the ability of the Allies to supply themselves† (The Battle of the Bulge). However, Hitler could not sustain the advantages gained by his troops because of the shortage of fuel for filling his jet bombers. After surviving the initial shock, Americans started the counter attack immediately using their air power. In fact Battle of Bulge was the largest battle fought by the Americans during the entire period of Second World War. It was estimated that more than 600000 American soldiers took part in this battle. Both the Americans and the Germans suffered major casualties during this war. Around 81000 Americans and 100000 Germans lost their lives in this battle.

In the context of capital market research what is the importance of Literature review

In the context of capital market research what is the importance of published financial information and the information content - Literature review Example Moreover, it has been proved that financial information and information content of earnings have the power to affect the investors’ decision making process. The interaction between the overall model of investor’s decision making and the published financial information, as well as the information content of earnings, is critically discussed in this paper. The justification of the above model in the context of the current financial crisis is evaluated. In order to secure that all the issues discussed above are covered, the paper has been divided into several sections, highlighting the various aspects of this paper’s subject. Apart from the introduction section, where the overall scope of the paper is presented, of particular importance are the literature and the Discussion sections. In the literature review section the following issues are addressed: the key characteristics of market research and its value on financial reporting, the published financial information and the information content of earnings as factors influencing investors’ decision making and potential use of the model of investors’ decision making within modern market which is under the continuous pressures of global financial crisis. The value of the literature findings in the context of the present crisis are further analyzed in the Analysis and Discussion section, so that valid assumptions are developed in regard to the study’s key subject. In the last section of the paper, Conclusion and recommendations, the key findings of the research developed for the issues addressed in this paper are summarized and recommendations are made, as appropriate, so that future failures are avoided. 2. Literature Review 2.1 Market research – characteristics and relation with financial reporting Market research is employed in a variety of business activities. For example, when having to decide in regard to the entrance of the business in a new market or in regard t o the development of a new product/ service market research is used for gathering information related to the host market or the consumer preferences as related to the new product/ service (Wahlen et al. 52). In regard to financial reporting and investment decision making, market research has a similar role. It helps to gather information required in developing a firm’s financial statements so that the position of the firm and its competitiveness is made clear (Wahlen et al. 52). Market research can be developed through a high range of research methods, such as surveys and field studies (Wahlen et al. 52). Preferably, market research should be based on empirical research methods, aiming to show the current market trends in regard to one or more critical business sectors. Capital market research is part of market research, it its broad meaning. Capital market research focuses on the review of ‘value-related information, such as share prices’ (Wahlen et al. 52). At this point it would be necessary to explain the key context of financial reporting, as a key activity in all organizations. Carmichael, Whittington and Lynford note that financial reporting is a process ‘for gathering information that will be used by investors or creditors for developing their investment or credit decisions accordingly’ (Carmichael, Whittington and Lynford 62). In general, financial reporti

Diversity Activity Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Diversity Activity - Assignment Example The activity initiates learning and appreciation of diversity differences and consequent effects as conflicting behaviors. Students can develop tolerance towards opposite gender since the activity promotes sharing of ideas on cultural diversity among students. The activity enhances the involvement of both able and challenged students, encourages, and promotes involving disabled students. The creation of an inclusive learning environment, through the activity, is of notable importance to middle school learners. The chain of diversity is one of the activities that instructors in middle school can use to create awareness on different cultures among students. The activity creates togetherness among students by informing them on their similarities. 5. Every student reads to the class what he or she considers as a similarity in cultures among the class members. After completing the second stage of the activity, students share their views with colleagues by reading out their points on the differences in cultures. 7. To keep the students aware of the diverse similarities and differences in cultures highlighted, students pin the paper strips around their class walls. The paper strips are arranged as a link in a chain as a demonstration of cultural link. In assessing the impact of the activity on students’ sensitivity to diversity, the instructor may ask related questions to different cultures highlighted by students during the activity. The level of participation of students during the activity acts as a credible scale of determining the students’ level of sensitivity towards diversity in culture. When students have high enthusiasm and willingness in highlighting the points, they have a high level of awareness on the topic. The extent to which students answer questions after the activity is credible means of determining their level of sensitivity towards the diversity

Study abroad for Turkish students Essay Example for Free

Study abroad for Turkish students Essay From the later periods of Ottoman Empire, generally, Turkish students have a dream about having their education in abroad. Taking an education in foreign countries seems to be very advantageous for Turkish students because improved social structure and modern cities attracts their attention. Although foreign education standards seem to be attractive, they have a lot of disadvantages. The main disadvantages of study abroad for Turkish students are low education standards in state universities and high education costs. Low education standards in foreign state universities are a disadvantage for Turkish students, because abroad universities can not provide adequate education standards for them. First, as a consequence of professors unmotivated mood, Turkish students can not have a chance to ask their questions about their lessons. Also, students from turkey unable to concentrate to their lectures because of lecture halls overcrowded circumstance. So, Turkish students are getting inadequate degrees. Second, Turkish students have to do lots of researches in their university but, if foreign universities fails to find a sponsorship to finance their researches there will be no research, as a result of lack of money. For instance, as mentioned in the Growing pains (2002) text New Zealand home universities and research centers lack inspiration and research funding. So, Turkish students in New Zealand Universities can not learn how to use a lab or experiments about their lectures. On the other hand, In Turkish universities professors can earn enough money and universities can support students researches from their own budgets. As a result Turkish students can get qualified education from their university. High education costs forces Turkish students to think about not only their education and future, but also their tuition fees and other expenses. In Turkey state universities are nearly free but in US State Universities students have to pay $3,700 for tuition, so this difference surprises their families who are supposed to finance their children; in addition, Turkish Private Universities are generally charged $10,000 per year but the top price of US private Universities can reach $30,000 per year, as a consequence study abroad concerns only rich Turkish families. Another  consequence is, students tried to earn money by working part-time, rarely full-time, to afford their tuition fees and share that burden, partly, from their . For example, a student who lives in Oxford has to work full-time as a waitress and parents but this affects their graduation grades. However, in Turkish universities, students can attend their classes without a fear about the university payments because there have been lots of scholarship types in every university and the tuition fees are prepared according to the average income of Turkish families. In Conclusion, low education standards and high education costs in abroad, makes Turkish students education difficult for them. Although some European countries have well-organized universities, they have some racial problems besides the money based problems, so Turkish students have to take their education in their own land.

Social responsibility Essay Example for Free

Social responsibility Essay The utilitarian view requires that the focus should be on the effects of the decision/action, such as effects in the form of benefit or costs. Aside from considering benefits and costs, this view also considers the number of people affected. In essence, a decision/action that benefits more people is generally viewed as more favorable. This view is limited because the definition of such benefit/cost can be flexible, based on the person’s perspective and the context. The moral rights rule puts emphasis on the individual rights. For example, this rule requires that the decision/action should lead to the maximum protection of these rights, as much as possible. For example, a decision/action that provides greater protection for the privacy rights of employees is considered more favorable in this model. However, note that the rights of stakeholders are to be considered, inclusive of employees and investors within the context of the organization. This rule is limited because it does not guide the decision-maker regarding which rights should be prioritized. The legal rule, on the other hand, puts focus mainly on the application of suitable conventional standards as well as laws based on the legal system. For instance, this rule indicates that the established laws should be used as basis for making the most appropriate decisions. A decision that upholds the law is considered favorable in this ethical perspective. However, it might be difficult to actually identify the most suitable rule. In the integrative social contracts rule, it is indicated that there must be proper consideration for the context, and the dependence of the appropriateness of ethical actions based on such context. Different contexts need to different ethical considerations even when facing the same or similar dilemma. This ethical view is limited because it does not properly provide a consistent basis for ethical decision-making. Personal Perspective The model that I consider as close to my ethical perspective is the utilitarian rule. I consider this perspective as easily applicable in many situations. For instance, it requires identification of the affected people/parties, as well as the identification of the benefits and costs that might occur as a result of the decisions/options at hand. I also view as a utilitarian perspective as close to my personal ethical perspective because I believe that it is important to consider all of the affected parties, and that every individual involved in the situation should come. In essence, this ethical model tries to distribute the consideration for benefits/costs to the individuals in a situation, rather than grouping them and prioritizing/evaluating them for group. In this way, there is better consideration for the weight of the number of people affected. This is in contrast to the moral rights rule, for instance, which considers groups of stakeholders and their rights within the context of the business organization. My core beliefs include that every person is significant. This means that even seemingly small individuals compared to highly powerful stakeholder groups should also matter. This is one of the reasons why I considered a utilitarian perspective as the module that is close to my personal ethical view. I also have the value of considering the diversity in the perspectives and interests of people. In this regard, in applying the utilitarian model, I usually think about what these interests and perspectives might be, so that I would be more accurate in evaluating the potential benefits/costs that might affect the people in this situation of the ethical dilemma. Thus, because I put value on diversity of interests and the significance of every individual, I believe that the utilitarian model is more acceptable and is highly aligned to my view. Ethical Dilemma Recognition and Analysis. An ethical dilemma is a situation in which the available options present significant advantages/benefits as well as disadvantages/costs. This means that it appears that none of the options actually stands out in terms of the benefits that can be achieved, because each of the options has notable costs. Thus, the ethical dilemma requires that the decision-makers should evaluate the weight and significance of the benefits and costs of these options. An ethical dilemma that I encountered in the past was with regard to the decision on which project to take for a term paper. This project was group-based. As the team leader, I needed to make the final decision on which specific topic to take. I viewed my input as the most favorable, although some of the inputs from the team members were actually also interesting. This was a dilemma because choosing my suggestion could help in maximizing the score that we could get from the project, but it could jeopardize teamwork. On the other hand, choosing to make the team members make the ultimate decision could lead to a slower process and conflicts among the team members. In terms of the utilitarian framework, the benefits would be in terms of how the ultimate decision could affect all the members. There must be consideration for the number of members affected, as well as the benefits/disadvantage. Ultimately, in using the utilitarian perspective in this ethical dilemma, I decided that it was necessary to let the group decided so that their interests could be more effectively considered. In this way, the decision actually resulted in a favorable score for the group, even though we experienced some challenges initially. The implications of this decision were that it benefited more members of the group, because they were satisfied in terms of greater involvement in the decision. It was limited because it did not properly consider the conventional rules on which topics to pursue. Ethical Leadership and Corporate Social Responsibility Ethical leadership is of critical significance in any business organization. This is so because the actions of a leader can lead or mislead the entire organization. In this regard, in ensuring that the decisions and actions of the leader remain ethical all the time, the organization can expect that the activities of subordinates would also be as ethical as possible. Basically, a higher level of effectiveness in applying ethical principles in leadership should lead to a higher probability of ethical conduct among all the other members of the organization. I view corporate social responsibility as necessary and important, not just for the stakeholders, but also for the business organization. This is so because I believe that the business organization is a citizen of society. Instead of just considering it as a mechanism for generating profits, I view the business organization as part of society. The improvement in the contributions of the business organization to the development of society should lead to an improvement in society as well as the improvement in the opportunities for the business. I believe that organizations should be deeply involved in social responsibility, as much as they are resources and realistic contexts would allow. I understand that business organizations have limitations in terms of their resources. However, these business organizations should also review social responsibility as opportunities for them to improve the society in the market in general. An improvement in the market should lead to better business opportunities later on. Moreover, better contributions in the social responsibility efforts of the business organization should help in improving corporate image as well as the relationships of the organization with stakeholders, especially community members and customers, among other stakeholder groups.